Cord Blood Transplant Procedure

There are several steps in the cord blood transplant process. The steps are much the same, no matter what type of transplant you are going to have.

The cord blood transplant procedure is performed one to two days after preparation for the transplant has been completed.

You will first be evaluated to find out if you are eligible for a transplant. Also known as "Day Zero," it is common for the patient to feel fatigued and to still be experiencing symptoms of the preparatory regimen. Also Many different medical tests may be done, and questions will be asked to try to find out how well you can handle the transplant process.

If the stem cells being used for the cord blood transplant procedure are from an adult donor, the donation will be completed on the day of the transplant. However, if umbilical cord stem cells are being used, they will be transferred to the transplant center prior to the transplant procedure.

Stem cells are stored in blood bags and their appearance (color and fluid amount) will vary depending on whether the cells are derived from bone marrow, umbilical cord or peripheral blood, and whether or not the cells have been filtered.

During the transplant procedure, the cells are infused (transmitted into the body) using an IV line, similar to a blood transfusion process. This is usually fed through a central line - that is, a tube surgically implanted into the vein in the chest.

The transplant procedure usually lasts one hour and is generally painless. A nurse monitors the patient's pulse as well as blood pressure. During the procedure, the patient is awake, but a mild sedative might be administered.

After the transplant, the donated cells move through the bloodstream and settle in the bone marrow. They begin to produce red and white blood cells as well as platelets, a procedure that is known as engraftment.

After engraftment occurs, the patient's blood cell count will continue to rise, resulting in increased immune system strength. However, the patient's immune system will be weaker than average for several months following a cord blood transplant.

While still in the hospital, the patient's body temperature will be taken four times a day, as fever is an indicator of infection. The patient will usually be given antibiotics and will be monitored for pneumonia. Blood tests will also be performed in order to evaluate the patient's recovery and monitor potential complications.

After leaving the hospital, the patient should follow certain special care instructions in order to ensure proper recovery. This is because the individual is more prone to infection at this time.

Your transplant team is still available to help you. It is important that you talk to them about any problems you are having – they can help you get the support you need to manage the changes that you are going through.

Reference: www.pregnancy-info.net